How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is a condition only of children, however it can also affect adults. Diagnosed and treated for ADHD an individual can improve their life.
Interviewing the person and their family members could be a part of a diagnostic for ADHD. The specialist could examine the school records of the past to determine if symptoms began as a child.
Signs and symptoms
ADHD is a condition that affects work, school, and home life. Everyone has difficulty concentrating and staying organized from time to time. The person must display significant symptoms in two of these areas and that they significantly affect everyday functioning to be diagnosed with ADHD. The symptoms must have also been present for a minimum of six months.
To establish a diagnosis doctors will talk to the patient regarding their symptoms and ask about their family history and medical problems. They can also utilize rating scales that measure a child's or adult's symptoms. These questionnaires are usually constructed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They ask about symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
Adults may be asked to talk to their significant other or someone who knows them well. This isn't meant to challenge the authenticity of the person, but rather to gain insight into the person's behavior that cannot be obtained from the answers to a questionnaire. They may also ask about childhood behavior and use old school records to see if the symptoms started before the age of 12.
Before determining a diagnosis the doctor will conduct physical examinations and tests in the lab to rule out other health conditions, such as thyroid problems or head injuries that can cause similar symptoms. The doctor will also review the person's list of medications. Doctors will take into consideration the interaction between stimulants and medications prescribed for depression, high blood pressure, and other issues. This is why it's essential for adults to consult their primary care providers in the event that they suspect they have ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be diagnosed with ADHD, the symptoms must appear in at least two settings (such as at home, school, and work) and interfere with functioning. The symptoms must be evident before the age of 12 and can't be caused by a different disorder, such as anxiety or depression.
A mental health professional uses various tools to assess the patient, such as ADHD symptom lists, standardized behaviour rating scales as well as a thorough medical history. They may interview friends and family members to determine how the individual's symptoms have affected them. They'll inquire if the symptoms are similar to other psychiatric conditions or physical ailments.
The evaluators will consider whether the symptoms are mild or severe. They will also look into the person's medical and family background to determine if there is any underlying causes for their issue, such as thyroid issues or head injuries.
In certain instances an examiner may decide to conduct a cognitive test or ask the person to undergo an imaging test to rule out any other possible causes for their symptoms, including mood disorders, learning disabilities, personality disorders or alcohol abuse. People suffering from these disorders often present very differently from those who do not suffer from them. Boys tend to show hyperactive symptoms, whereas girls display inattentional symptoms.
Some people with ADHD are interested in participating in a clinical study to test new treatments. While this is an excellent method to aid in further research, it's important for participants to understand that the purpose behind these studies is to acquire scientific knowledge and do not necessarily guarantee that they will receive treatment. Visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials Fact Sheet for more information about clinical trials.
Treatment
For a person who suspects they have ADHD It is essential to find a professional who is experienced in diagnosing the disorder. Make sure to check with your health insurance provider to see whether ADHD specialists are covered, and then seek referrals from your family doctor or other health care professionals. Word-of-mouth recommendations are also a good alternative.
A doctor will ask the patient - or parents in the case of children - about the symptoms they experience. They can use standardized questionnaires or ADHD symptoms checklists, and request information from other people in the person's life, such as spouses and family members. Personal insights will reveal more than can be gleaned from questionnaires.
An expert will also want to review any records that the individual may have, including old school reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is often determined by the past of a person. To be diagnosed the symptoms must have been present from the time of childhood (technically before age 12).
A physical exam is also carried out. It will look for any other medical conditions that may be the cause of the symptoms, for example, seizures or thyroid issues. The expert will often conduct a neurological exam, which checks for motor control and coordination. Psychological tests, designed to test intelligence and ability, might be utilized as well. Additionally, a person might be asked to complete simple computer tasks that evaluate attention and memory. This could help an expert determine if a person is hyperactive or not. The specialist will determine the treatment plan and provide an assessment. Typically, the treatment plan includes medication and therapy. Talk therapy or psychotherapy can aid children and adults in learning healthy coping strategies and alter negative thinking patterns. The therapy can be offered by a primary doctor or a mental health specialist who is an expert in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people with ADHD improve their condition by taking medication, though it's not the only way to treat the condition. Psychotherapy, behavioral therapy or a combination of the two can be beneficial to adolescents, children and adults. These therapies aid them in coping and cope with their ADHD symptoms. They may include psychoeducation, which is education about ADHD and ways to manage it. They can also involve family members, teachers and other professionals.
It is crucial to find a mental health professional or health care professional with experience treating ADHD. You can ask others with ADHD for recommendations or a mental healthcare provider you know. You can also conduct an online search. It's important to find a specialist who is familiar with your insurance.
The health care provider will inquire with you or your child about symptoms and problems caused by ADHD. They will conduct a physical exam and check for other health issues that may cause similar symptoms. They will look over your or your child's medical and family history, school records, and other reports.
The American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-V) that is designed to diagnose children is more difficult diagnosis of ADHD in adults. Your health care provider might interview you or your children about the symptoms and ask other people who spend lots of time with them to fill out checklists and questionnaires. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. ADHD medications include stimulants such as methylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine, and atomox as well as non-stimulants like atomoxetine and antidepressants. They work by increasing and balancing brain chemicals called neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people who suffer from ADHD also suffer from comorbid disorders, such as anxiety or depression. Because of this, treatment should be based on therapy that targets these issues. Some patients can benefit from cognitive behavioral treatment, which teaches skills like time and task management as well as emotional self-regulation.
In addition, therapists can assist patients in managing their symptoms through lifestyle modifications. For example exercising regularly can help reduce hyperactivity and improve concentration. A healthier diet is also important; people with ADHD tend to eat more sugar and fat, and eat fewer vegetables and fruits than the rest of us. Making family and social relationships priority can help reduce anxiety and make people feel more in control of their lives.
Another major benefit of having an ADHD diagnosis is that it provides adults and children a better comprehension of their issues. A child diagnosed with ADHD may have trouble communicating their needs to teachers or other peers. Once a teacher realizes that this isn't an issue that is solely due to laziness they can provide accommodations.
A professional conducting an ADHD evaluation will ask questions specific to the age of the person, talk to teachers and family members and review medical records and look for comorbidities. If ADHD symptoms first started before age school records can be useful for adults.
adult diagnosis adhd will also check for any hearing or vision problems with hearing or vision. He or she could also conduct tests on blood to test for certain hormones, and other health conditions that can cause symptoms similar to ADHD.